Hair fall or loss is a frustrating yet depressing experience for many people. While it is often associated with aging, underlying health conditions, nutritional deficiency and some diseases can lead to hair loss at any age. Understanding these diseases can help in seeking the right treatment. Let’s explore some common diseases that cause hair loss, their symptoms, and possible treatments.
1. Alopecia Areata
Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease. In this condition, the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks the hair follicles, which are the tiny structures in the skin that produce hair.
Symptoms:
Sudden hair loss, usually in small patches.
Tender, circular bald spots on the scalp or other areas.
Hair loss can also occur in eyebrows, eyelashes, and body hair.
Treatment:
There is no cure for alopecia areata, but some treatments may help.
Corticosteroids (prescribed) to reduce inflammation.
Minoxidil to stimulate hair growth.
Light therapy or other medications that can help with hair regrowth.
2. Androgenetic Alopecia
Also known as male or female pattern baldness, androgenetic alopecia is the most common type of hair loss. It is often hereditary and linked to hormones called androgens.
Symptoms:
In men: A receding hairline and thinning on the crown of the head.
In women: Thinning of hair over the entire scalp, often more noticeable at the part.
Treatment:
While there is no complete cure, treatments can slow hair loss and promote regrowth:
Minoxidil is commonly used. A prescribed medicine.
Finasteride (Propecia) for men.
Hair transplant surgery can one of the option.
3. Telogen Effluvium
Telogen effluvium is a temporary condition where hair follicles enter a resting phase and shed more hair than usual. It can be triggered by stress, illness, or hormonal changes.
Symptoms:
Noticeable hair shedding, often in clumps.
Thinning of hair, especially on the top of the scalp.
It usually occurs a few months after the triggering event.
Treatment:
This condition often resolves on its own. However, treatments may include:
Stress management techniques.
Nutritional supplements to promote hair health.
Addressing any underlying medical issues.
4. Scalp Infections
Fungal infections like tinea capitis a type of ringworm of the scalp, can lead to hair loss. These infections can affect anyone but are more common in children.
Symptoms:
Red, scaly patches on the scalp.
Itchy scalp.
Hair may break off at the scalp, leading to bald spots.
Treatment:
Antifungal medications, either topical or oral, are needed to treat the infection. Ketovate is one the famous medication to treat dandruff issues and fungal infections.
Keeping the scalp clean and dry is also important.
5. Hypotrichosis
Hypotrichosis is a rare genetic condition that leads to a lack of hair growth. People with this condition may have fewer hair follicles or hair that is very fine.
Symptoms:
Sparse hair on the scalp and body.
Hair that may be lighter in color or very thin.
Treatment:
There is no cure, but treatments may include:
Minoxidil to promote any possible hair growth.
Wigs or hairpieces for cosmetic reasons.
6. Thyroid
Thyroid is a butterfly shaped endocrine gland in the neck that produces hormones that regulate metabolism. Conditions like hypothyroidism (under-active thyroid) and hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) can cause hair loss
Symptoms:
Hypothyroidism: Thinning hair, dry hair, and hair falling out.
Hyperthyroidism: Hair may become fine and fall out easily.
Treatment:
Managing the thyroid condition is key. Treatments include:
Hormone replacement therapy for hypothyroidism.
Medications to control hyperthyroidism.
7. Nutritional Deficiencies
Lack of hair essential nutrients can lead to loss of hair. Micro and macro nutrients play an important role in hair health.
Common deficiencies include:
Iron: Low levels can lead to anemia, causing hair loss.
Vitamin D: Important for hair follicle cycling.
Biotin: Essential for healthy hair.
Symptoms:
Weak, brittle hair.
Thinning hair or patches of hair loss.
Treatment:
Improving the diet can help. Consider:
Balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals.
Supplements if recommended by a healthcare provider.
8. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
PCOS is a hormonal imbalance complaint commonly seen among women of reproductive age. It can cause various symptoms, including hair loss.
Symptoms:
Irregular menstrual cycles.
Excessive hair growth on the face and body.
Thinning hair on the scalp.
Treatment:
Managing PCOS can help with hair loss. Treatment options include:
Prescribed medication to regulate hormones.
Lifestyle changes, including weight management.
9. Stress and Emotional Distress
While not a disease, severe stress can lead to temporary hair loss. Situations like the loss of a loved one, divorce, or job loss can trigger this.
Symptoms:
Sudden shedding of hair.
Thinning hair in patches or overall.
Treatment:
Stress management techniques, such as yoga or meditation.
Therapy or counseling for emotional support.
We learn that hair loss can be caused by various diseases and conditions, and understanding these can help you find the right treatment. If you notice significant hair loss, it's essential to consult a healthcare professional. They can help identify the cause and recommend appropriate treatments to help you manage the condition effectively. A better lifestyle and diet plan can support your overall health.
Comments